Shot peening is a surface treatment process that utilizes high-velocity impacts to refine the microstructure and enhance material properties. A shot peening machine employs a variety of media, such as steel balls or ceramic grit, propelled at targeted surfaces. These impacts induce compressive residual stresses within the workpiece, effectively mit

Fatigue life of metallic components is a critical factor in numerous applications, influencing their durability. WPC treatment emerges as a promising technique for enhancing fatigue resistance. This comprehensive analysis delves into the mechanisms underlying WPC's effectiveness, examining its influence on microstructure and residual stress distrib